Glossary

Senior Apartments, also referred to as Independent Living Facilities (“ILFs”) by regulatory and investor agencies and auditors, cater to seniors who are very independent and have few medical problems. Residents live in fully equipped, private apartments. A variety of apartment sizes may be available—from studios to large two bedrooms.

At Pathway’s Senior Apartments, residents of this Independent Living setting get all the benefits of living in an independent living environment without having to pay for services they don’t need, keeping the costs at a rate more affordable than you might expect. While routine maintenance and a resident-run activities program are included, services such as meals, housekeeping and transportation may be available to residents for an additional fee.

Service coordination is the activity of linking a resident to needed supportive services or medical services which may be provided by private practitioners or agencies in the general community. Additionally, the term may cover case management, both formal and informal, in which the service coordinator assesses service needs of the resident and determines eligibility for public services, and makes resource allocation decisions HUD funding may be used/obtained for the hiring of service coordinators in the following assisted housing projects: Section 8 (including Section 515/8), 202, 202/8, 202/PRAC, 221(d)(3) and Section 236 for the elderly, disabled or family households. Funding was initially provided in two ways, through a national competition with other properties for a limited amount of Section 8 funding, or through the use of the property’s residual receipts, budget-based rent increases or special rent adjustments. The 1995 Rescission Act took back funds already awarded to 12 facilities for their service coordinators. The first of the 5-year grants issued in 1992 began expiring in 1998, and required $3.6 million annually to sustain the first wave of contract expirations. Grant renewals are now, like the Section 8 program, subject to annual renewals and are gradually eating up more and more of the limited (often so-called “flat funded”) Section 202 appropriations each year.

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First enacted in 1935, the Social Security Act provides for the general welfare of individuals and families by establishing a wide range of programs. The most well-known of the programs are insurance for retired and disabled workers and their survivors, and hospital and medical insurance for the aged, disabled, and low-income persons. Other programs include black-lung benefits, Supplemental Security Income (SSI), unemployment insurance, and various public assistance and welfare services. Some specific Titles are listed below as they relate to older Americans.

• Title II: Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance Benefits (OASDI). Enacted in 1935, Social Security replaces a portion of earned income lost as a result of a person’s retirement, disability, or death. Monthly benefits are paid as a matter of earned right to workers who gain insured status and to their eligible spouses, children, and survivors. Retirement benefits can begin at age 62 (at reduced rates) and are payable for life. Disability benefits are payable to those insured workers who meet the Act’s definition of disability.
• Title XVI: Supplemental Security Income for the Aged, Blind, and Disabled (SSI). The SSI program was established by Congress in 1972, with payments beginning in 1974. It replaced the federal-state public assistance programs to the aged, blind, and disabled that the states had administered. The program is now federally administered and provides a supplemental public assistance payment to those who are eligible. States have the option of increasing the amount of the supplement at their expense. In many cases, SSI recipients are eligible for other forms of assistance such as Medicaid and food stamps.
• Title XVIII: Health Insurance for the Aged and Disabled (Medicare). The Medicare program was enacted in 1965. It provides health insurance coverage for persons aged 65 or older, some disabled persons under age 65, and certain persons who have end-stage renal disease. The program consists of two parts: Part A, Hospital Insurance (HI), and Part B, Supplemental Medical Insurance (SMI). The program is administered by the Health Care Financing Administration (HCFA). The HI program provides basic protection against the costs of hospital and related post-hospital care, home health services, and hospice care. The SMI program is a voluntary program for which enrollees in Part A must pay a monthly premium to participate. Part B pays 80 percent of reasonable charges for medical and related health services and supplies furnished by physicians (or others in connection with physicians’ services). Generally, it does not pay for out-of-hospital prescription drugs, glasses, hearing aids, or immunizations. 1990 amendments provided for standards for Medicare supplemental insurance (Medigap) policies.
• Title XIX: Medical Assistance Program (Medicaid). This program became law in 1965. It provides medical assistance for certain low-income individuals and families. It is financed jointly by state and federal funds and administered by the individual states within broad federal guidelines. Generally, all who qualify for public assistance under federally funded categories (aged, blind, disabled, and families with dependent children) are eligible for Medicaid. Others may qualify at a state’s option. For the low-income elderly, Medicaid provides a particularly important provision, payment of nursing home care. Programs vary considerably from state to state.
• Title XX: Block Grants to States for Social Services. This Title was added to the Social Security Act in 1975. It provides such diverse activities as child and adult day care, protective and emergency services for children and adults, home-based services for the elderly, staff training, and program planning. The federal government provides money to the states, and the states design their own mix of services and establish eligibility requirements.

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